Freight shipping rates depend on various factors, such as the mode of transportation, the origin and destination of the shipment, the weight and dimensions of the shipment, the freight class or commodity type, the service level or transit time, and any additional services or fees, such as fuel surcharge, accessorial charges, or customs duties and taxes.

The documents required for freight shipping may vary depending on the mode of transportation, the type of goods, and the origin and destination of the shipment. However, some of the most common documents are: the shipping quote, the commercial invoice, the certificate of origin, the bill of lading or air waybill, the packing list, and the letter of credit. These documents provide important information about the shipment, such as the description, value, quantity, and condition of the goods, the terms and conditions of the contract, and the payment and delivery instructions.

Incoterms are a set of rules that define the responsibilities and risks of buyers and sellers in international trade. They are published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and updated periodically to reflect the changes in global trade practices. Incoterms help to avoid confusion and disputes by clarifying who pays for what, when the ownership of the goods transfers, and how the goods are insured and delivered.

There are 11 Incoterms in the latest version (Incoterms 2020), which are divided into two categories: rules for any mode of transport and rules for sea and inland waterway transport. The 11 Incoterms are: EXW (Ex Works); FCA (Free Carrier); CPT (Carriage Paid To); CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To); DAP (Delivered At Place); DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded); DDP (Delivered Duty Paid); FAS (Free Alongside Ship); FOB (Free On Board); CFR (Cost and Freight); and CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)

HS codes are a way of classifying products for international trade. They are used by customs authorities, statistical agencies, and other government bodies to monitor and control the import and export of goods, as well as to collect data, taxes, and tariffs. HS codes are based on a global system that is updated every five years by the World Customs Organization (WCO). HS codes consist of six digits, with the first two indicating the product category and the next four indicating the subcategories. Countries can add more digits to the HS codes for further classification. For example, the HS code for coffee is 0901, but Canada uses 090111 for roasted coffee and 090121 for decaffeinated coffee.